DEAR DR. FOX: Do you have a remedy for curing/eliminating ear mites? Does witch hazel work? Is it safe for dogs? -- P.R., Duluth, Minn.

DEAR P.R.: This mite, otodectes cynotis, is passed from animal to animal by direct contact. Often there is a cat in the home with no evident symptoms, and a dog in the same home gets the mites in the ears and scratches and shakes in obvious distress. These mites can infest the face and other parts of the body, but are most often confined to the external ear canals. They cause a dark brown or black tarry secretion.

The best treatment is with an insecticide such as ivermectin drops or pyrethrin. I would not use herbal products because effectiveness may not be as good as with insecticidal drugs, especially when there is much suffering to the infested dog. For best results, the ears must be thoroughly cleaned before applying medication. Repeated treatment after seven to 10 days is advisable. Witch hazel is a soothing herb for many skin and ear issues, but it will have no significant impact on the offending mites.

DRIVING SAFELY WITH YOUR DOG OR CAT

New Jersey dogs and cats will have to be buckled up for safety just like humans if legislation proposed by Assemblywoman Grace Spencer (D-Essex) is passed. I fully endorse this kind of initiative, with punitive consequences for violators, for every state to adopt.

Pickup truck drivers with loose dogs in the back are my personal abomination, along with drivers whose use of cellphones and other hand-held electronic devices put us all at risk.

Unsecured dogs in the back of pickup trucks, or tied so that they could fall out and hang themselves, are part and parcel of our blighted rural landscape that should, along with puppy mills and dog and cock fighting, be outlawed, with punitive consequences for those who flout the law. Mitt Romney, who tied his dog in a crate to the roof of his car, should be no exception.

A barrier between driver and the animal, who is free to move around in the rear section of the vehicle, is acceptable, provided the animal wears a collar with ID in case of accident. Police officers often shoot larger dogs defending the vehicle after an accident if they are not easily restrained or contained. Few cats and dogs will take to restraining straps and tethers, so I advise crates or cages, even for short journeys.

In Arizona and Connecticut, drivers may be cited for distracted driving if an unleashed pet interferes, and pets are banned from operators' laps in Hawaii. But if Spencer's bill passes, New Jersey will be the first state to mandate pet restraints, according to the American Automobile Association.

Opposing New Jersey Republican Assemblyman Jay Webber has introduced his own bill that says failure to restrain an animal isn't inhumane. That is not the issue, and as a veterinarian and animal behaviorist, I can affirm that restraining an animal can be inhumane. Some form of humane containment/restraint for dogs and cats, for their safety and for the safety of other passengers, is called for when they are being transported by road, air or sea.

Just like children, many dogs will initially fight and chew on safety harnesses in the car, but with patience and reward treats, they will soon habituate and enjoy the ride. Failure to properly restrain any animal during transportation should be regarded as a gross misdemeanor, certainly not as an inhumane, deliberate act of abuse/cruelty, but as an act of ignorance or indifference, for which there is no defense because of the legitimate potential for possibly harmful consequences to the animals and to the people in the vehicle with them.

I also urge drivers to be mindful in hot weather -- leaving a dog in the car for even a few minutes could be fatal. Never drive with your dog's head out the window because of potential eye and head injury and even death when windows are accidentally closed, crushing the neck, or opened so the dog falls out.

(Send all mail to animaldocfox@gmail.com or to Dr. Michael Fox in care of Universal Uclick, 1130 Walnut St., Kansas City, MO 64106. The volume of mail received prohibits personal replies, but questions and comments of general interest will be discussed in future columns.

Visit Dr. Fox's website at DrFoxVet.com.)

DEAR DR. FOX: I am having an ongoing argument with my husband about cleaning out the litter box, which he is now doing because I am pregnant. We have two adopted cats, and they mess the box quickly. My husband says it is fine to clean out the box last thing at night, and I say three times a day.

What is your opinion? I think my cats like a relatively clean box, which is uncovered without a dome, as per your advice. -- M.S., Houston

DEAR M.S.: This is not the first time this issue has come up in my column. You have to train your husband. Have him flush the toilet you share -- use only one if you have more -- just once a day and leave the lid up. Try that for a few days. His Paleolithic brain may be tweaked to appreciate using a clean, flushed toilet and make a magical empathic leap into the psyches of your two cats.

The litter box should be cleaned three to four times daily, and fresh litter put in to replace the soiled as needed. Surely your husband has seen how fastidious cats are about their personal hygiene, carefully grooming themselves and each other. Having to use a litter box with buried feces and clumps of urine is like treading through a veritable minefield for any cat who does not like to get dirty paws that have to be cleaned afterward, sometimes ingesting adhering cat litter and excrement in the process.

It is wise for all pregnant women to have someone else clean out the cat litter box because of the risk of toxoplasmosis, which studies in the U.K. have linked with depression, suicide and schizophrenia in adults in addition to blindness and neurological problems in infants. Pregnant women should never eat meat that has not been well cooked since this is a major source of toxoplasmosis, and high heat destroys this parasite. Use gloves in the garden because cat-poop-contaminated soil could carry this parasite, which free-roaming cats can also bring into our homes when they kill and eat infested rodents.

DEAR DR. FOX: I think my question may be a common one, so I would like your input on it. I have a normal, healthy 3-year-old male (neutered) orange tabby cat who is overweight. He is outside about three hours a day. For the past year I have been feeding him nothing but dry diet food -- different brands -- 3/4 cup per day, which is less than the manufacturer recommends. During this time, he has not lost one ounce!

He stays at 20 pounds every time I weigh him. I know he is not eating any birds or mice, and he never leaves the backyard, so I know no one else is feeding him. He is hungry all the time. Should I be concerned about his weight issue? Is it indicating a potential medical problem, or is he just a big cat? Any advice you can provide would be much appreciated. -- B.F., Medford, Ore.

DEAR B.F.: I am glad you are concerned, because there is a virtual epidemic of obesity in cats and dogs as well as people today, with health complications shared by all three species. These complications include diabetes, fatty liver disease, heart and circulatory problems, arthritis, cognitive impairment -- the list goes on.

Please make every effort to transition your cat onto a grain- and soy-free cat food -- canned, dry or raw. For more details, visit feline-nutrition.org. Many cats on high-fiber, weight-reducing diets suffer from constant hunger and malnutrition. Feed your cat 4 to 6 teaspoon-size meals daily.

PETCO'S RADIOACTIVE PET FOOD BOWLS FROM INDIA RECALLED

Petco recalled three pet food bowls because its India-based manufacturer, Arjan Impex, used stainless steel containing small quantities of radioactive cobalt-60. The models include three SKU numbers: 1047493, 1386956 and 1047477. The SKU numbers are found on labels on the inside and bottom of the bowls.

Customers who purchased one of the recalled bowls from May 31 to June 20 are encouraged to return it to a Petco store for a refund. Anyone with questions may call Petco customer service at 877-738-6742.

KASEL ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES RECALLS MORE BOOTS & BARKLEY PRODUCTS

Kasel Associated Industries of Denver is voluntarily recalling its Boots & Barkley Roasted American Pig Ears and Boots & Barkley American Variety Pack Dog Treats because they may be contaminated with salmonella. The recalled products were distributed nationwide through Target retail stores in August 2012.

Consumers who have purchased the products are urged to return them to the place of purchase for a full refund. Consumers with questions may contact Kasel Associated Industries at 800-218-4417.

(Send all mail to animaldocfox@gmail.com or to Dr. Michael Fox in care of Universal Uclick, 1130 Walnut St., Kansas City, MO 64106. The volume of mail received prohibits personal replies, but questions and comments of general interest will be discussed in future columns.

Visit Dr. Fox's website at DrFoxVet.com.)

DEAR DR. FOX: Henry, our 8-year-old black cat, came from the U.K. and moved to the U.S. with us in 2007. We've been told he might be part Siamese -- he's friendly sporadically, but also skittish. He's not a fighter, so he doesn't clash with other cats. We've never had problems letting him outside for two or three hours at a time. Our older cat died in November, so Henry has been solo since.

We moved 300 yards across a busy road in May, from a townhouse to a single-family home. We have a nice, open backyard for Henry to explore. We kept him inside the first couple of weeks, as advised. On three successive outings, he looked around for 15 to 20 minutes (there were two stray cats we haven't seen for a while now), sniffed a lot, then promptly crossed the road to his old house!

I looked into an invisible fence -- $1,500, and who knows if he'll take to the training. I tried a harness, and he slipped it off within 15 minutes and went under our deck where, thankfully, I was able to fall on him like a fumble.

My wife is all for keeping him indoors permanently. We've added a scratching post, and he has a few toys. The problem, to me, is that he sleeps while we're gone all day and comes to life at night. I'm not the heaviest sleeper, and one to two times per week he decides he's hungry or needs to go to the loo and yowls loudly at 3:30 or 4 in the morning. I'd love to be able to trust him to go out when we're home late afternoons and evenings. I think he'd be happier, though he's been pretty good about it. All I can think of is getting him a better harness and slowly acclimating him. We have a large deck, so that would be a good place to let him explore a bit.

That's about the long and short of it. Do you have any ideas? -- R.B., Columbia, Md.

DEAR R.B.: Clearly you are devoted to Henry, and you have some issues not easily resolved. He misses his companion cat and the old home, so he will be "yowly" and unsettled for a while.

If you are a regular reader of this column, you will know the many reasons why I advise never letting a cat roam free. Invisible fences, which I do not endorse, are designed for dogs, not cats, and they do stop animals outside the fence from coming in.

Build a "cat house" or screen in the deck so he can spend time outdoors. Some people build a covered catwalk connecting, via a cat door, the house and an outdoor enclosure so their animals can go in and out as they choose. If this is not feasible for you, I would follow your wife's initiative to help Henry adapt to indoor life. Purchase a better-fitting harness, and consider adopting an easygoing companion cat for him to enrich his time when you are both gone from the house.

There are cat TV programs to also consider. Setting up a padded window ledge and a bird feeder or two outside for the cat to watch is helpful. One of our cats loves that and is entertained daily!

Check my books, "Understanding Your Cat" and "Supercat: How to Raise the Perfect Feline Companion," which includes mind and body stimulating games and IQ tests.

NATURE'S RECIPE DOG TREAT RECALL

Nature's Recipe has voluntarily recalled its Oven Baked Biscuits with Real Chicken due to possible salmonella contamination. According to company officials, no illnesses have been reported, but owners should discard the treats and seek medical attention for themselves or their pets if symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting or fever occur. The recalled treats were sold in 19-ounce resealable pouches.

For more information, visit naturesrecipe.com or call 800-237-3856.

(Send all mail to animaldocfox@gmail.com or to Dr. Michael Fox in care of Universal Uclick, 1130 Walnut St., Kansas City, MO 64106. The volume of mail received prohibits personal replies, but questions and comments of general interest will be discussed in future columns.

Visit Dr. Fox's website at DrFoxVet.com.)