It seems that seniors will never get a break. Fraudsters continue to prey on them with all sorts of scams. If you have a senior in the family, there’s no better time than now to talk about just a few of the tricks that most people -- of any age -- may not be aware of.

Take this example: You get a phone call from the IRS. You check your caller ID to make certain it’s not a scammer, and sure enough, the caller ID confirms that the Washington, D.C., number that is calling is the IRS. You take the call. The “IRS” warns you that you will be sued and/or arrested if you don’t pay your “tax bill” (usually by wire transfer or a prepaid debit or gift card).

Or, you receive a letter congratulating you on winning $1 million. To claim the jackpot, you’ll need to send in a small processing fee.

The Justice Department investigates such frauds. The first example is possible with technology that tricks your caller ID with a fake phone number. The second example is a longtime scam; it just won’t go away.

But fraudsters are being caught. For example, earlier this week, four people were charged with “defrauding thousands of elderly and vulnerable victims.” The fraud? Mailings of prize notices that requested money be sent in order to “win” a bigger payment. The charge? “[C]onspiracy to commit mail fraud and multiple mail fraud and wire fraud counts for running a fraudulent mass-mailing scheme that tricked thousands of consumers into paying fees for falsely promised prizes.” The National Council on Aging has put prize scams among the top 10 financial scams targeting seniors.

What’s the likelihood of being approached with a potential scam? You tell me. Have you received spam emails? A safe guess is “Yes, indeed.”

What you need to know is this: Federal authorities are very much aware of the threats, and they are pursuing ways to inform seniors of the dangers. According to a Justice Department Agency Priority Goal Action Plan from July of this year, every U.S. Attorney’s Office (USAO) will be conducting elder fraud outreach. The goal is to provide a “channel through which comprehensive elder fraud prevention and disruption messaging can flow to local communities.”

What can you do now? Be alert to potential scams. A good start is the Federal Trade Commission’s “10 Things You Can Do to Avoid Fraud” at tinyurl.com/y4ogmptd. Also, the National Council on Aging has “8 Tips for How Seniors Can Protect Themselves From Money Scams” at tinyurl.com/ycmk7rud.

You can stay informed about scams by receiving alerts from the Federal Trade Commission via email. Go to ftc.gov/scams to sign up. And if you are a victim of a scam, you can report it at ftc.gov/complaint.

In March, the Justice Department launched the National Elder Fraud Hotline to report potential scams. The number is: 1-833-FRAUD-11 (1-833-372-8311). According to the department, “Reporting can help authorities identify those who commit fraud, and reporting certain financial losses due to fraud as soon as possible can increase the likelihood of recovering losses.” The hotline is staffed seven days a week, from 6:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. EDT. Don’t hesitate to report.

As Attorney General William Barr said in his remarks at the White House in June, “Studies show that older Americans are sometimes embarrassed to report fraud, but they should not be. The sooner fraud is reported, the better the chances of catching the perpetrator and recovering the victim’s money.”

Julie Jason, JD, LLM, a personal money manager (Jackson, Grant Investment Advisers Inc. of Stamford, Connecticut) and award-winning author, welcomes your questions/comments (readers@juliejason.com). Please visit www.juliejason.com.

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COVID-19 has had an effect on all of our lives, affecting not only health, but also jobs and personal finances. Some people are encountering new challenges, such as being unable to pay bills on time.

A July survey of the pandemic’s financial impact released by TransUnion, one of the three major consumer credit-reporting agencies, showed that concern about being able to pay bills and loans was at 77% for consumers who were financially impacted by the pandemic, rising to 87% for those who had lost their jobs. Credit card bills were the biggest concern of those surveyed, followed by utility bills, mobile phone bills and rent payments.

The TransUnion survey also found that nearly one out of three renters said they would not be able to pay their rent.

Liane Fiano, engagement and outreach specialist at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), a U.S. government agency, advises that people who are having trouble paying their bills should reach out to their creditors.

When you talk to your creditors, discuss what options you have. You might be able to defer payments or make partial ones, but it’s important to explain your situation fully. Look on your bill for the phone number of the creditor and check out the company’s website to see what information might be available there.

There are some key questions you must ask during these discussions, according to Fiano, including how long a hardship payment situation can last, when you will need to start repaying the obligation, and what happens when the time comes for repayment and you are still experiencing hardships. She advises that you prepare a list of questions in advance so you are sure to cover everything.

If you make agreements with creditors, be sure to check your credit reports to make sure they reflect any agreement you have made. Your payments (or nonpayments) are reported to credit agencies by your creditors and vendors, such as your utility companies, your cellphone provider and your mortgage company (or your landlord), among others. The TransUnion poll found that more than a third of consumers indicated monitoring their credit was very or extremely important, with an increase to 45% for those who had received a financial accommodation.

The poll also found that among those consumers who had accommodations, more than half said they were still making normal payments on their auto loans, mortgages and personal loans.

All three credit reporting agencies -- Equifax, Experian and TransUnion -- are providing free weekly credit reports through April 2021. Visit AnnualCreditReport.com to get more information.

What happens if your situation ends up with a debt collector? The Fair Debt Collections Practices Act details your rights and sets guidelines as to what debt collectors can and cannot do. The CFPB offers help in handling the situation as part of its “Your Money, Your Goals” toolkit. Download “When debt collectors call” at tinyurl.com/y5y3tn6d. Also be sure to check out the other offerings in the toolkit.

To read the full COVID-19 Pandemic’s Financial Impact on U.S. Consumers, Financial Hardship Report by Transunion, go to: tinyurl.com/y3j4g9n6.

The important thing is to be proactive, talk to your creditors and find out your options.

Julie Jason, JD, LLM, a personal money manager (Jackson, Grant Investment Advisers Inc. of Stamford, Connecticut) and award-winning author, welcomes your questions/comments (readers@juliejason.com). Please visit www.juliejason.com.

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An important deadline is fast approaching that applies to anyone who wants to reverse an RMD (required minimum distribution) from a retirement account in 2020. That deadline is Monday, Aug. 31.

Here is the background: The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, which was signed into law on March 27, 2020, suspended RMDs for 2020 for everyone with IRAs and 401(k)-type accounts (but not defined-benefit plans. For more details, read my April 12 column on my website (https://tinyurl.com/yylodr3n).

The suspension, which was retroactive to Jan. 1, 2020, came into effect at the end of March, after some people had already taken their RMDs for the 2020 year. What could they do if they wanted to take advantage of the suspension?

The mechanism for putting back a withdrawal from an IRA is a rollover, but rollovers are limited by time (60 days) and frequency (only one per 12-month period).

That left a gaping hole for early bird “RMD-ers” and an uneven playing field – -- hardly what Congress intended when the suspension was passed. I wrote a series of columns on the subject that you can read at https://juliejason.com/selected-columns .

Three months later, on June 23, 2020, the IRS issued Notice 2020-51, offering the welcome relief that we were all waiting for.

That notice redefined the 60-day rollover rule for this one purpose: to give more people who took RMDs in January and February – -- and in fact, any time before now – -- relief from the normal rollover rules.

First, there is a new deadline (Aug. 31, 2020) to complete the rollover. That deadline is only 10 days away as of this writing.

Second, the rollover “is not subject to the one rollover per 12-month period limitation.”

Third, inherited IRAs are not excluded from 2020 RMD suspensions and are permitted to roll over (inherited IRA rollovers are not normally permitted).

For more details, read IRS Notice 2020-51 at https://tinyurl.com/y8o2zxjp.

If you took your RMD and want to reverse it, tell your financial adviser that you want to do so right away. You can roll over RMDs taken from multiple IRAs and other tax-deferred accounts if you wish. You can roll over all or part of any 2020 RMD – -- except for RMDs taken from defined-benefit plans.

Let’s go through a few examples from readers.

A widow I’ll call Melanie took her $300,000 RMD from her IRA in January. Of that amount, $200,000 transferred into her taxable account, and $100,000 was withheld for federal income taxes. She does not need these funds for living expenses.

Melanie will need to enlist her financial adviser to make sure the reversal takes place by Aug. 31. She will authorize a transfer of $300,000 to her IRA from her taxable account in order to “undo” the $300,000 withdrawal in full.

The $100,000 that was sent to the IRS for tax withholding is stuck at the U.S. Treasury for now. That money will offset Melanie’s tax liabilities on her 2020 tax return. I confirmed with an IRS spokesperson that there is no mechanism for Melanie to request the Treasury to return the $100,000 that was withheld until she files her 2020 tax return. If that withholding causes a tax overpayment, she will be able to request a refund at tax time.

Another reader, O.M., wants to reverse her RMD, which is held at a bank in a certificate of deposit. O.M. ran into a problem. The bank told her she could not redeposit the RMD “because the IRA was a one-year CD.”

O.M. needs to go back to the bank to speak with a manager. Most banks offer non-CD IRAs. Or, O.M. can go online to a mutual fund company to set up a new IRA account to use to receive the rollover. Assume the RMD was $10,000. : O.M. would deposit $10,000 (or less, depending on her cash needs) into the new IRA. That would satisfy the rollover rules for 2020 and avoid the income tax on the $10,000 RMD, assuming she rolled over the full $10,000.

If you have any additional questions on the Aug. 31 date, email them to me as soon as possible at readers@juliejason.com. Don’t forget to tell me where you live, as the column is published nationwide.

For a quick video that covers the topics we've discussed in today's column, go to https://vimeo.com/450204863.

Julie Jason, JD, LLM, a personal money manager (Jackson, Grant Investment Advisers Inc. of Stamford, Connecticut) and award-winning author, welcomes your questions/comments (readers@juliejason.com). Please visit www.juliejason.com.

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